The impact of the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai volcanic eruption on the Peruvian atmosphere: from the sea surface to the ionosphere

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dc.contributor.authorPacheco, Edgardo E.
dc.contributor.authorVelasquez, J. P.
dc.contributor.authorFlores, R.
dc.contributor.authorCondori, L.
dc.contributor.authorFajardo, G.
dc.contributor.authorKuyeng, Karim
dc.contributor.authorScipión, Danny
dc.contributor.authorMilla, M.
dc.contributor.authorConte, J. F.
dc.contributor.authorPoblet, F. L.
dc.contributor.authorChau, J. L.
dc.contributor.authorSuclupe, J.
dc.contributor.authorRojas, R.
dc.contributor.authorManay, E.
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-04T21:32:11Z
dc.date.available2024-06-04T21:32:11Z
dc.date.issued2024-05-28
dc.description.abstractThe eruption of the Hunga Tonga Hunga Ha’apai volcano on 15 January 2022 significantly impacted the lower and upper atmosphere globally. Using multi-instrument observations, we described disturbances from the sea surface to the ionosphere associated with atmospheric waves generated by the volcanic eruption. Perturbations were detected in atmospheric pressure, horizontal magnetic field, equatorial electrojet (EEJ), ionospheric plasma drifts, total electron content (TEC), mesospheric and lower thermospheric (MLT) neutral winds, and ionospheric virtual height measured at low magnetic latitudes in the western South American sector (mainly in Peru). The eastward Lamb wave propagation was observed at the Jicamarca Radio Observatory on the day of the eruption at 13:50 UT and on its way back from the antipodal point (westward) on the next day at 07:05 UT. Perturbations in the horizontal component of the magnetic field (indicative of EEJ variations) were detected between 12:00 and 22:00 UT. During the same period, GNSS-TEC measurements of traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs) coincided approximately with the arrival time of Lamb and tsunami waves. On the other hand, a large westward variation of MLT winds occurred near 18:00 UT over Peru. However, MLT perturbations due to possible westward waves from the antipode have not been identified. In addition, daytime vertical plasma drifts showed an unusual downward behavior between 12:00 and 16:00 UT, followed by an upward enhancement between 16:00 and 19:00 UT. Untypical daytime eastward zonal plasma drifts were observed when westward drifts were expected. Variations in the EEJ are highly correlated with perturbations in the vertical plasma drift exhibiting a counter-equatorial electrojet (CEEJ) between 12:00 and 16:00 UT. These observations of plasma drifts and EEJ are, so far, the only ground-based radar measurements of these parameters in the western South American region after the eruption. We attributed the ion drift and EEJ perturbations to large-scale thermospheric wind variations produced by the eruption, which altered the dynamo electric field in the Hall and Pedersen regions. These types of multiple and simultaneous observations can contribute to advancing our understanding of the ionospheric processes associated with natural hazard events and the interaction with lower atmospheric layers.
dc.description.peer-reviewPor pares
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.citationPacheco, E., Velasquez, J., Flores, R., Condori, L., Fajardo, G., Kuyeng, K., ... & Manay, E. (2024). The impact of the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai volcanic eruption on the Peruvian atmosphere: from the sea surface to the ionosphere.==$Earth, Planets and Space, 76,$==79. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-024-02022-7
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-024-02022-7
dc.identifier.govdocindex-oti2018
dc.identifier.journalEarth, Planets and Space
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12816/5564
dc.language.isospa
dc.publisherSpringerOpen
dc.relation.ispartofurn:issn:1880-5981
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subjectVolcanic eruption
dc.subjectHunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai volcano
dc.subjectTonga
dc.subjectEquatorial ionosphere
dc.subjectTonga eruption efects
dc.subjectPeruvian ionosphere
dc.subjectBarometer
dc.subjectMagnetometer
dc.subjectCoherent radar
dc.subjectPerturbation waves
dc.subjectEquatorial electrojet
dc.subject150-km echoes
dc.subjectPlasma drifts
dc.subjectIonosonde
dc.subjectGNSS-TEC
dc.subject.ocdehttps://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.05.01
dc.subject.ocdehttps://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.05.07
dc.titleThe impact of the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai volcanic eruption on the Peruvian atmosphere: from the sea surface to the ionosphere
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article

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