Ciencias de la Tierra Sólida
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Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Hidrosfera y Cambio Climático
Ciencias de la Tierra Sólida
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Impacto de la Geofísica en el Desarrollo Sostenible
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Instrumentación Geofísica y Desarrollo Tecnológico
Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Hidrosfera y Cambio Climático
Ciencias de la Tierra Sólida
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Enlaces de Referencias
Recycled PET as a Modular System for Coastal Slope Stabilisation: A Preliminary Numerical Climate-Adaptation Approach in Chucuito, Callao
(MDPI, 2026-08-11) Vilchez Vilchez, Tito Roberto; Velásquez Hidalgo, Oswaldo; Chirinos Flores, Maria Cecilia; Yabar Torres, Guisela; Villena Mávila, Manuel Félix; Herrera Ayoque, Dan Nelson; Machado Huanca, Adler Deker; Vilchez Chumpitaz, Hans Aarón; Gómez Avalos, Juan Carlos
Vulnerable coastal urban margins face overlapping pressures from erosion, climate change, and plastic-waste accumulation. This study presents a screening-level numerical assessment of a hollow modular unit made of a recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET)– concrete composite, proposed for coastal slope protection and stabilisation in Chucuito, Callao, Peru. A limit-equilibrium baseline indicates that the unprotected slope is marginal to unstable under the site’s seismic demand, motivating the evaluation of a surface-protection concept through a parallel, one-way finite element analysis–computational fluid dynamics (FEA–CFD) framework applied at three slope angles (60◦ , 53◦ , 45◦ ). The FEA structuralresponse screening indicates consistent trends across configurations under an equivalent impact load and the adopted basal restraint. For the hydraulic comparison, inlet velocities of 3, 5 and 7 m/s were anchored to the site-specific Delft3D inundation modelling (site maximum 5 m/s), with a conservative 10 m/s upper bound; relative to a rip-rap reference, the hollow configuration suggests midpoint run-up velocity reductions of approximately 52% at θ = 53◦ under the conservative scenario and ≈57% at 3 and 5 m/s, falling to ≈25% at 7 m/s with overlapping ranges and the simulated free surface exceeding the crest. The CFD free-surface elevations show order-of-magnitude consistency with an indicative EurOtopbased run-up benchmark used as a consistency check rather than as hydraulic validation. Independent of this hydraulic comparison, the hollow geometry saves ≈ 62% of the material volume relative to an equivalent solid concrete block, valorises ≈ 793 post-consumer PET bottles per unit at a 10% dosage, and suggests a 42–58% embodied-CO2 reduction relative to the same solid-concrete reference, driven mainly by the hollow geometry rather than by the PET substitution itself. The results are internally consistent but not experimentally validated and are intended as a comparative baseline to guide subsequent experimental and field studies, in line with Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 11, 12 and 13.
Updated 3D resistivity model of the Tres Vírgenes geothermal field (Mexico) from magnetotelluric data: Implications for geothermal exploration and development
(Elsevier, 2026-01) Gonzalez-Garcia, Javier; Unsworth, Martyn; Campos-Enríquez, Oscar; Antayhua Vera, Yanet Teresa
A case study is presented involving the 3D inversion of a legacy magnetotelluric (MT) dataset from the Tres Vírgenes Volcanic Complex (TVVC), Baja California Sur, Mexico, which is a significant geothermal energy resource with an installed capacity of 10 MWe. The MT dataset consists of 76 stations acquired between 1992 and 1999 (bandwidth: 0.003 – 100 Hz), and was previously analyzed using 1D, 2D, and 3D approaches, revealing a layered resistivity structure. However, significant uncertainty surrounds the capability of this dataset to resolve deep resistivity structures associated with the magmatic system. This study applies a 3D inversion approach that incorporates topography and bathymetry and inversion tests to assess the sensitivity of the model features to the data. Well-logs and laboratory measurements of resistivity were used to constrain the interpretation. The integrated methodology enabled a more accurate delineation of the resistivity structure of the TVVC, mapping an extensive conductor primarily associated with a brine-saturated smectite clay cap (10 – 60 % clay fraction, 150 – 200 ◦C). Internal variability within the conductor suggests the presence of a small sill with andesitic mush (30 – 85 % melt fraction) north of El Azufre Volcano, possibly associated with sulphate-type hydrothermal activity along the El Azufre Fault Zone. Moreover, a zone of lower resistivity to the north of the main conductor suggests a possible intrusion of seawater that remains isolated from the main hydrothermal systems in TVVC. Sensitivity tests indicate that the dataset lacks the resolution required to image deep bodies beneath the main conductor; consequently, deep conductors modelled in previous studies are likely inversion artifacts, and are unrelated to the deep magmatic system. These findings have the potential to improve the delineation of the geothermal system boundaries, and provide insights for future geothermal and magnetotelluric exploration.
J-ARGUS: Project Description and Status of the New Tristatic Radar System
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2026-06-11) Inonan, Marcos; Rodrigues, Fabiano; Biggins, Evan; Scipión, Danny; Milla, Marco; Torres, David; Hysell, David; Chau, Jorge; Obenberger, Kenneth
The Jicamarca-Augmented Radar for Geospace and Upper Atmosphere Studies (J-ARGUS) is a project designed to expand the observational capabilities of the 50 MHz radar at the Jicamarca Radio Observatory (JRO) by transforming it into a tristatic system. This will be achieved by the deployment of two receive-only stations, located approximately 170 km east of Jicamarca, in Huancayo, and about 50 km to the south of Jicamarca, in Santa Maria, Lima. The construction of each station is based on the Long Wavelength Array (LWA) system, which consists of 256 cross-dipole antennas that operate over a broad frequency range (3−88MHz) and feature electronically steerable beams.
Space Weather Effects From Moderate to SevereGeomagnetic Storms in October 2024 Over the LatinAmerican Sector
(Wiley, 2026-05-30) Carmo, C. S.; Dai, L.; Wrasse, C. M.; Barros, D.; Takahashi, H.; Costa, J. R.; Vital, L. F. R.; Jauer, P. R.; De la Jara, César; Carrasco, A. J.; Figueiredo, C. A. O. B.; Wang, C.; Li, H.; Liu, Z.
This study presents a detailed case study of the ionospheric impacts of moderate (G2) and severe(G4) geomagnetic storms over the Latin American sector, with particular emphasis on the formation andsuppression of equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs). The moderate storm of 7–8 October, 2024, presented a rarecase of EPB suppression despite favorable conditions, including a pronounced pre‐reversal enhancement (PRE),with vertical plasma drifts exceeding 40 m/s. Post‐midnight EPBs were observed exclusively in the western sideof the Latin American sector. The observed suppressions may be associated with the influence of meridionalwinds and the presence of an Es layer near the onset time of EPBs. In contrast, the severe storm of 10–11October, 2024, triggered super and long‐lasting EPB across both eastern and western sectors. The enhancementof EPBs during this event is attributed to the combined effects of an undershielding prompt penetration electricfield (PPEF) and disturbance dynamo electric field (DDEF). Moreover, the storm's main phase was marked by apronounced expansion of the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA) and a significant increase in total electroncontent (TEC), followed by a decrease during the recovery phase. These findings reinforce the importance ofregional and local factors in ionospheric storm‐time responses and suggest the need for further statistical studiesto improve EPB occurrence forecasts.
Can high altitude horizontal air showers be the source of the anomalous radar echoes observed with the high-power large-aperture Jicamarca radar?
(SISSA Medialab, 2025-12-30) Wahl, D.; Chau, J.L.; Kuyeng, Karim; Scipión, Danny
We report on the continuing presence of short duration (t < 10 μs) radar echoes in our datasets. First reported in 2007, these echoes were observed as part of an effort to identify cosmic-ray shower signals in radar data, as per the proposal of Blackett and Lovell. Subsequent experiments such as Mariachi and TARA have reported negative findings, and radar echoes from high density polyethylene point to difficulties in detecting cosmic-rays in the lower atmosphere using radars. The Jicamarca high-power large-aperture 50 MHz radar however is able to search for cosmic-ray showers at higher altitudes (>20km), where horizontal showers could occur. At these altitudes radar clutter is reduced and collisional damping could be less prominent, favouring radar echoes. In this paper we present new data recorded in 2023 (with hardware upgrades since 2007), which show similar signals, from a yet unknown physical source. We outline the plans to investigate the phenomena further.