Ciencias de la Tierra Sólida
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Ciencias de la Tierra Sólida
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Enlaces de Referencias
Could artificial reoxygenation revitalize dying coastal seas?
(IOP Publishing, 2026-04-24) Slomp, C. P.; Oschlies, A.; Altieri, A. H.; Bach, L. T.; Bopp, L.; Breitburg, D.; Canning, A.; Conley, D. J.; Dai, M.; Dewitte, B.; Enevoldsen, H.; Ferrer, E. M.; Galán, A.; Garcon, V.,; Gregoire, M.; Gustafsson, B.; Gutierrez, D.; Handmann, P.; Hylén, A.; Isensee, k.; Lamond, R.; Li, M.; Limburg, K.; Montes Torres, Ivonne; Sterling, J.; Tan Shau Hwai, A.; Testa, J. M.; Wallace, D.; Waniek, J. J.; Yasuhara, M.
Eutrophication and global warming are key drivers of oxygen loss, also termed deoxygenation, in coastal ecosystems worldwide. Artificial reoxygenation has been suggested as a local or regional solution to increase oxygen concentrations and improve water quality by various parties, including water managers and industry. Three main approaches have been proposed: (1) bubbling with air with the aim to destratify and mix the water column (2) injection of pure oxygen and (3) pumping of oxygenated water to greater water depths (downwelling). In this review, we summarize the results of recent field trials and other implementations of artificial reoxygenation in coastal systems, which, to date, only involve small bays and estuaries. We also discuss potential benefits and risks. While the recent trials indicate that reoxygenation of the water column can be achieved, low oxygen conditions returned rapidly within days to months of discontinuing operations. This illustrates that artificial reoxygenation typically only provides a temporary solution to deoxygenation. Potential side effects of artificial reoxygenation could include enhanced emissions of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide and, upon bubbling and destratification in shallow waters, also of methane. Additionally, downwelling could lead to warming and an associated increased oxygen demand near the seafloor. Reoxygenation will not necessarily reduce the nutrient availability for phytoplankton, implying that water quality may remain poor. We recommend a careful, case-by-case assessment of the suitability of artificial reoxygenation in coastal systems prior to implementation and monitoring before, during and after each intervention. Any field trials should involve all relevant parties, including scientists and local communities, and results should be reported with full transparency. While in the short-term, artificial reoxygenation may be useful to alleviate oxygen loss in some coastal systems, long-term improvements in the oxygen levels and quality of coastal waters require reductions in nutrient inputs and greenhouse gas emissions.
Knowing with the river: Situated risks of riverine communities in the Peruvian Amazon
(Springer, 2026-05-26) Mendoza, Heidi D.; Valenzuela, Jonathan; Armijos Cardenas, Elisa Natalia; Van Loon, Anne F.; Rohse, Melanie; Koehler, Johanna K. L.; Mariano, Bryan Joel; Gonzalo, Bruno T. C.; Diaz, Paulo F. S.; Vasquez, Cesar P. A.; Souza, Carlos J. A.; Izaguirre, Elsa A. V.; Bazo, Juan; Anicama, Jahir
Dominant approaches to drought and flood risk often marginalize the social and temporal dimensions of how communities experience environmental change. This study explores how three riverine communities in the Peruvian Amazon—Bajo Belén, Tamshiyacu, and El Chino—generate and act on knowledge of river dynamics to sustain livelihoods amid increasing hydrological variability. Using storytelling with 45 participants (2023–2024), and co-produced seasonal calendars, we identified risk windows or periods of heightened vulnerability when river levels misalign with local expectations. These windows provide a situated lens into how risks are interpreted and navigated through embodied, relational, and adaptive strategies. Our findings highlight the centrality of place-based knowledge and temporal attunement to sustainable adaptation, challenging technocratic risk frameworks. By reframing hydrological extremes as relational and embedded in local rhythms, the study calls for more inclusive governance that reflects the socio-cultural and ecological specificities of hydrological risks.
Impacts of the future Amazon deforestation on the precipitation over the Peruvian central Andes and related atmospheric features
(Elsevier, 2026-05-13) Saavedra Huanca, Miguel; Junquas, Clementine; Takahashi, Ken; Silva Vidal, Yamina; Espinoza, Jhan-Carlo; Sierra, Juan-Pablo
This study investigates the impact of a 40% Amazon deforestation scenario (projected for 2050) on precipitation over the central Peruvian Andes during five austral summer seasons (DJF 2001–2006) using high-resolution (1 km) WRF simulations. While a widespread rainfall reduction pattern is observed over the Amazon-Andes transition zone, statistically significant decreases (p < 0.10) at the gridpoint level are primarily concentrated near rainfall hotspots in the Amazon-Andes transitions zone, reaching an average reduction of 12% (− 1.4 mm day− 1 ). This drying signal is physically associated with a weakening of the South American Low-Level Jet (LLJ) and reduced moisture influx, which specifically inhibits convective activity during the morning peak hours (23–11 LT). In the high-altitude Mantaro Basin, we observe a consistent drying pattern (− 5%) that extends from the transition zone; although these changes are not statistically significant due to high interannual variability, the physical signal of precipitation reduction and dry air advection remains clear. Conversely, the western Andean ridges exhibit a localized precipitation increase (up to 20%) linked to intensified cross-barrier easterly wind anomalies reinforcing diurnal anabatic circulation. We further find that while 5 km resolution captures broad basin-scale patterns, convection-permitting scales (1 km) are essential for resolving these complex topographic effects. These findings highlight a critical vulnerability concentrated along the eastern slopes and the high Andes. The identified drying patterns, which are particularly pronounced in the Andes-Amazon transition zone (a global biodiversity hotspot) and extend into the highlands, pose a significant threat to endemic ecosystems and regional water security, specifically through reservoir inflow reduction and negative impacts on agriculture.
Boletín sísmico mensual (mayo 2026)
(Instituto Geofísico del Perú, 2026-05) Instituto Geofísico del Perú
Durante el mes de mayo de 2026, el Centro Sismológico Nacional (CENSIS) reportó la ocurrencia de 83 sismos con epicentros en el borde occidental y dentro del territorio peruano.
Informe Técnico Nº PpR/El Niño-IGP/2026-04
(Instituto Geofísico del Perú, 2026-05-18) Instituto Geofísico del Perú
Las temperaturas del mar frente a la costa peruana continúan con valores por encima de su normal. Tanto el análisis de la información in situ como la remota, incluyendo los resultados de los modelos de propagación de ondas, indica que el paquete de ondas de Kelvin cálidas continuaría afectando la costa peruana, por lo pronto, hasta junio, con un impacto principalmente en las temperaturas subsuperficiales. A una escala mayor, los modelos de NMME sugieren la extensión de El Niño costero hasta el verano 2027 con una magnitud fuerte. Por otro, los pronósticos de estos mismos modelos indican el desarrollo de un evento El Niño en el Pacífico central desde junio. No obstante, la presencia de la barrera de predictibilidad podría limitar la confiabilidad de estos pronósticos más allá de mayo. Se espera que los futuros pronósticos mejoren su capacidad predictiva.