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Browsing Arbitrados by Subject "Aerosols"
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Item Open Access Influence evaluation of PM₁₀ produced by the burning of biomass in Peru on AOD, using the WRF-Chem(Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, 2020) Navarro Barboza, Héctor; Moya Álvarez, Aldo Saturnino; Luna, Ana; Fashé-Raymundo, OctavioThis study assesses the influence of PM₁₀ on the optical thickness of aerosols in the central Andes of Peru, in addition to analyzing and establishing their circulation patterns from July to October 2017. This particular period is considered herein because the largest biomass burning events are usually recorded during these months. The regional meteorological-chemistry transport model WRF-Chem (version 3.7) was used with the Fire Inventory from NCAR (FINN) fire emissions dataset and aerosol optical depth (AOD) data from the Aerosol Robotic Network monitoring network (AERONET), which has a CIMEL sun photometer located at the Huancayo Observatory, the most important city in the central highlands of Peru. The simulation used a single domain with a grid size of 18 km and 32 vertical levels. Results showed an increase in PM₁₀ concentrations with an increase in the number of fire outbreaks and AOD during July, August, and September. In contrast, a slight decrease in PM₁₀ concentrations was recorded for October. Further, the meteorological conditions did not favor the occurrence of fire outbreaks in the Mantaro valley during the entire study period; however, an increase in rainfall reduced aerosol concentrations in October. In addition, although the vertical movements prevailing over the central Andes were ascending, they were descending along the Peruvian coast, thus favoring and hindering the dispersion of aerosols in the first and second cases, respectively. Finally, the authors assessed, analyzed, and confirmed the influence of biomass burning on AOD in the studied region.Item Restricted Ultraviolet solar radiation in tropical central Andes (12.0°S)(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2017) Suárez Salas, Luis; Flores Rojas, José Luis; Pereira Filho, Augusto José; Karam, Hugo A.Ultraviolet (UV) solar irradiance measurements at 1-min intervals performed in central Andes, Huancayo, Peru (12.0ºS, 75.3ºW, 3313 m asl) between January 2003 and December 2006, were used to analyze daily, monthly and annual cycles of UV solar irradiance. The measurements were performed with a GUV-511 multi-channel filter radiometer at four wavelengths: 305, 320, 340 and 380 nm. UV irradiance data under clear sky and all sky conditions were separated by a procedure based on calculation of normalized irradiance. In February, the highest hourly mean value at noon for the UV Index reached 18.8 for clear sky conditions and 15.5 for all sky conditions, with outlier peaks close to UVI=28. In addition, the highest mean value for daily erythemal dose was found also in February, reaching 7.5 KJ m⁻² d⁻¹ with a maximum outlier value close to 10.1 KJ m⁻² d⁻¹. Comparisons between clear sky GUV measurements and TUV model estimations were evaluated with statistical quantities showing values of R$^{2}$ around to 0.98. Total ozone column and trace gases were obtained from OMI. Aerosol parameters were obtained from MODIS. The enhancements of clouds of spectral irradiance at 340 nm referred to cloudless sky reach maxima of 20%. These results indicate that tropical central Andes has among the highest incident ultraviolet solar radiation in the world.