Browsing by Author "Marengo, J. A."
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Item Open Access Central South America(American Meteorological Society, 2017-08) Marengo, J. A.; Espinoza, Jhan Carlo; Alves, L. M.; Ronchail, J.; Baez, J.;The central South America region includes Brazil, Peru, Paraguay, and Bolivia. The 2016 climate conditions were characterized by extreme high temperatures and below-average precipitation in the Amazon and Andean regions, while above-average precipitation was observed in northern Peru and northeastern Paraguay.Item Open Access Drought in Bolivia: the worst in the last 25 years(American Meteorological Society, 2017-08) Marengo, J. A.; Espinoza, Jhan Carlo; Alves, L. M.; Ronchail, J.The article reports on the intense drought conditions which affected the center, southern parts and in the southern lowlands of Bolivia which affected during the first part of the year. Discussed is the hydrology of the Peruvian side of Lake Titicaca which shows low river discharge and drop in water level at Lake Titicaca. Also discussed is the extreme drought at Andean region in 2016 has led the Peruvian government Ministry of Agriculture to declare a state of emergency.Item Restricted Extreme seasonal droughts and floods in Amazonia: causes, trends and impacts(Wiley, 2016) Marengo, J. A.; Espinoza, Jhan CarloThis paper reviews recent progress in the study and understanding of extreme seasonal events in the Amazon region, focusing on drought and floods. The review includes a history of droughts and floods in the past, in the present and some discussions on future extremes in the context of climate change and its impacts on the Amazon region. Several extreme hydrological events, some of them characterized as ‘once in a century’, have been reported in the Amazon region during the last decade. While abundant rainfall in various sectors of the basin has determined extreme floods along the river's main stem in 1953, 1989, 1999, 2009, 2012–2015, deficient rainfall in 1912, 1926, 1963, 1980, 1983, 1995, 1997, 1998, 2005 and 2010 has caused anomalously low river levels, and an increase in the risk and number of fires in the region, with consequences for humans. This is consistent with changes in the variability of the hydrometeorology of the basin and suggests that extreme hydrological events have been more frequent in the last two decades. Some of these intense/reduced rainfalls and subsequent floods/droughts were associated (but not exclusively) with La Niña/El Niño events. In addition, moisture transport anomalies from the tropical Atlantic into Amazonia, and from northern to southern Amazonia alter the water cycle in the region year‐to‐year. We also assess the impacts of such extremes on natural and human systems in the region, considering ecological, economic and societal impacts in urban and rural areas, particularly during the recent decades. In the context of the future climate change, studies show a large range of uncertainty, but suggest that drought might intensify through the 21st century.Item Open Access Tropical South America east of the Andes(American Meteorological Society, 2015-07) Marengo, J. A.; Espinoza, Jhan Carlo; Ronchail, J.; Alves, L. M.This subsection covers Brazil, Paraguay, and sectors of northern Argentina, Peru, and Bolivia east of the Andes.Item Open Access Tropical South America east of the Andes(American Meteorological Society, 2014-07) Marengo, J. A.; Alves, L. M.; Espinoza, Jhan Carlo; Ronchail, J.Unless otherwise noted, normals and anomalies are based on the 1961–90 average.Item Open Access Tropical South America east of the Andes(American Meteorological Society, 2016-08) Marengo, J. A.; Espinoza, Jhan Carlo; Ronchail, J.; Alves, L. M.This region includes Brazil, Paraguay, southern Venezuela, and the Amazon lowland sectors of Peru, Colombia and Bolivia.