Browsing by Author "Guizado, David"

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    Future changes of precipitation types in the Peruvian Andes
    (Nature Research, 2024-09-30) Llactayo, Valeria; Valdivia Prado, Jairo Michael; Yarleque, Christian; Callañaupa, Stephany; Villalobos‑Puma, Elver; Guizado, David; Alvarado‑Lugo, Robert
    In high-altitude regions, such as the Peruvian Andes, understanding the transformation of precipitation types under climate change is critical to the sustainability of water resources and the survival of glaciers. In this study, we investigate the distribution and types of precipitation on a tropical glacier in the Peruvian Central Andes. We utilized data from an optical-laser disdrometer and compact weather station installed at 4709 m ASL, combined with future climate scenarios from the CMIP6 project, to model potential future changes in precipitation types. Our findings highlight that increasing temperatures could lead to significant reductions in solid-phase precipitation, including snow, graupel and hail, with implications for the mass balance of Andean glaciers. For instance, a 2 °C rise might result in less than 10% of precipitation as solid, in regard to the present day, transforming the hydrological processes of the region. The two future climate scenarios from the CMIP6 project, SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5, offer a broad perspective on potential climate outcomes that could impact precipitation patterns in the Andes. Our study underscores the need to revisit and expand our understanding of high-altitude precipitation in the face of climate change, paving the way for improved water resource management strategies and sustainable glacier preservation efforts in these fragile ecosystems.
    Palabras clave:Precipitation typesHigh-altitude precipitationClimate change scenarios
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    Hailstorm events in the Central Andes of Peru: insights from historical data and radar microphysics
    (European Geosciences Union, 2024-04-18) Valdivia Prado, Jairo Michael; Flores-Rojas, José Luis; Prado, Josep J.; Guizado, David; Villalobos-Puma, Elver; Callañaupa, Stephany; Silva Vidal, Yamina
    Hailstorms, while fascinating from a meteorological perspective, pose significant risks to communities, agriculture, and infrastructure. In regions such as the Central Andes of Peru, the characteristics and frequency of these extreme weather events remain largely uncharted. This study fills this gap by investigating the historical frequency and vertical structure of hailstorms in this region. We analyzed historical hailstorm records dating back to 1958 alongside 4 years of observations (2017–2021) from the Parsivel2 disdrometer and a cloud-profiling radar MIRA35c. Our findings indicate a trend of decreasing hail frequency (−0.5 events per decade). However, the p value of 0.07 suggests the need for further investigation, particularly in relation to environmental changes and reporting methods. The results show that hailstorms predominantly occur during the austral summer months, with peak frequency in December, and are most common during the afternoon and early evening hours. The analysis of radar variables such as reflectivity, radial velocity, spectral width, and linear depolarization ratio (LDR) reveals distinct vertical profiles for hail events. Two case studies highlight the diversity in the radar measurements of hailstorms, underscoring the complexity of accurate hail detection. This study suggests the need for refining the Parsivel2 algorithm and further understanding its classification of hydrometeors. Additionally, the limitations of conventional radar variables for hail detection are discussed, recommending the use of LDR and Doppler spectrum analysis for future research. Our findings lay the groundwork for the development of more efficient hail detection algorithms and improved understanding of hailstorms in the Central Andes of Peru.
    Palabras clave:HailstormCloud microphysicsRadar altimetry
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    Observaciones para la investigación en física atmosférica en los Andes centrales del Perú: Laboratorio de Microfísica Atmosférica y Radiación (LAMAR)
    (Instituto Geofísico del Perú, 2024-02) Silva Vidal, Yamina; Saavedra Huanca, Miguel; Suárez Salas, Luis; Estevan, René; Flores Rojas, José Luis; Guizado, David; Giráldez, Lucy
    El Laboratorio de Microfísica Atmosférica y Radiación (LAMAR), implementado en el Observatorio Geofísico de Huancayo del Instituto Geofísico del Perú (IGP) y ubicado en los Andes centrales peruanos, es un recurso esencial para la investigación, monitoreo y generación de capacidades en temas relacionados con la atmósfera y su interacción con la superficie terrestre en los Andes peruanos. LAMAR, establecido con el propósito de generar información que permita comprender los procesos físicos asociados a los eventos meteorológicos extremos, cuenta con una variedad de instrumentos, desde los convencionales hasta los sofisticados, como los radares meteorológicos, los sensores de radiación, precipitación y aerosoles. Los datos generados por LAMAR han contribuido a mejorar el conocimiento sobre los procesos físicos de la atmósfera en los Andes, lo cual ayuda a mejorar los modelos de predicción del tiempo en el Perú, así como el conocimiento sobre los aerosoles atmosféricos y su impacto en la radiación solar. Sin duda, la información recopilada en LAMAR representa un recurso único en el contexto peruano y pronto estará al alcance de la comunidad científica y académica. En este artículo presentamos los instrumentos más relevantes de LAMAR, así como las publicaciones que se generaron en torno a ellos, con el propósito de incentivar futuras investigaciones y colaboraciones científicas.
    Palabras clave:PrecipitaciónRadiaciónAeronet