Browsing by Author "Chen, W. S."
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Item Restricted Comparison between bottomside ionospheric profile parameters retrieved from FORMOSAT3 measurements and ground-based observations collected at Jicamarca(Elsevier, 2011-03-11) Chuo, Y J.; Lee, C. C.; Chen, W. S.; Reinisch, B. W.This study presents the results of a comparison of three ionospheric profile parameters, B0, NmF2, and hmF2, derived from measured ionograms and the FORMOSAT3 radio occultation measurements collected over Jicamarca during the low-solar-activity period from May 2006 to April 2008. The results show that the B0 values are generally in good agreement with those derived from the true electron density profiles. In addition, correlation analysis revealed seasonal and diurnal variation in B0, which is more pronounced during an equinox and daytime (0800–2000), respectively. A comprehensive discussion on the difference between the values of B0, NmF2, and hmF2 derived from two sources is provided in this paper.Item Restricted Digisonde spread F and GPS phase fluctuations in the equatorial ionosphere during solar maximum(American Geophysical Union, 2006-12-06) Chen, W. S.; Lee, C. C.; Liu, J. Y.; Chu, F. D.; Reinisch, B. W.The Jicamarca (11.95°S, 76.87°W) digisonde and the Arequipa (16.47°S, 71.49°W) GPS receiver observed the equatorial F region irregularities on the western South America from April 1999 to March 2000. The spread F measured by the digisonde were classified into four types, and the GPS phase fluctuations derived from the temporal variation of total electron content were divided into three levels to represent the irregularity strength. The observation shows that the occurrences of all four types of spread F are higher in the D months (January, February, November, and December) than in the E months (March, April, September, and October). For the GPS phase fluctuations, both seasonal and nighttime variations show that the occurrences of strong level irregularities are higher than moderate level irregularities in the E months, but the situation is reversed in the D months. Moreover, the occurrence sequences of four types of spread F and three levels of GPS phase fluctuations all can be explained by the E × B drift variations and the generalized Rayleigh‐Taylor instability. For the comparisons between the GPS phase fluctuations and the digisonde spread F/plasma bubbles, results show that the GPS phase fluctuations can represent the appearances of the digisonde spread F, and the strong level of GPS phase fluctuations are associated with the occurrence of topside plasma bubbles. These results imply that the greater GPS phase fluctuation is related to the larger altitudinal range distribution of irregularities.Item Restricted Quiet-time variations of F2-layer parameters at Jicamarca and comparison with IRI-2001 during solar minimum(Elsevier, 2008) Lee, C. C.; Reinisch, B. W.; Su, S. Y.; Chen, W. S.We analyze Jicamarca ionograms to study the quiet-condition variations in the peak electron density (NmF2), its height (hmF2), and F2-layer thickness parameter (B0) of the equatorial F2 layer during solar minimum. The sunrise peak is found in hmF2 and B0 for all months. During daytime and nighttime, the variation in the hmF2 value is mainly responsible for that in NmF2 and B0. The sunset peaks of hmF2 and B0 exist in the equinoctial months, but not in the winter months. Moreover, the observed values of hmF2, NmF2, and B0 are generally similar to the modeled values of IRI-2001.Item Restricted The effects of the pre-reversal drift, the EIA asymmetry, and magnetic activity on the equatorial spread F during solar maximum(European Geosciences Union, 2005-03-30) Lee, C. C.; Liu, J. Y.; Reinisch, B. W.; Chen, W. S.; Chu, F. D.We use a digisonde at Jicamarca and a chain of GPS receivers on the west side of South America to investigate the effects of the pre-reversal enhancement (PRE) in ExB drift, the asymmetry (Ia) of equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA), and the magnetic activity (Kp) on the generation of equatorial spread F (ESF). Results show that the ESF appears frequently in summer (November, December, January, and February) and equinoctial (March, April, September, and October) months, but rarely in winter (May, June, July, and August) months. The seasonal variation in the ESF is associated with those in the PRE ExB drift and Ia. The larger ExB drift (>20m/s) and smaller |Ia| (<0.3) in summer and equinoctial months provide a preferable condition to development the ESF. Conversely, the smaller ExB drift and larger |Ia| are responsible for the lower ESF occurrence in winter months. Regarding the effects of magnetic activity, the ESF occurrence decreases with increasing Kp in the equinoctial and winter months, but not in the summer months. Furthermore, the larger and smaller ExB drifts are presented under the quiet (Kp<3) and disturbed (Kp≥3) conditions, respectively. These results indicate that the suppression in ESF and the decrease in ExB drifts are mainly caused by the decrease in the eastward electric field.